News-Medical.Net: Lab study shows cigarette smoke damaged lung cells more than e-cigarette vapor Researchers found that cigarette smoke extract disrupted the lung cell barrier, increased IL-6 inflammation, and caused DNA damage in Calu-3 cells, while e-cigarette vapor extract showed no ... Lab study shows cigarette smoke damaged lung cells more than e-cigarette vapor With global space agencies discussing ambitions to establish permanent human bases on the moon and possibly on Mars, researchers have to find a way to protect future space explorers from those potentially devastating effects of long-term space trips. effect noun (THEATRE, ETC.) effects [ plural ] (also special effects) B1 lighting, sounds, and objects that are specially produced for the stage or a film and are intended to make something that does not exist seem real: Effect appears less often as a verb, but when it does, it means “produce.” Usually, it’s a noun.
It can even refer to your belongings, like when you get kicked out and your former roomie begs you to get all of your personal effects. Definition of effect noun from the Oxford Advanced Learner's Dictionary. [countable, uncountable] a change that somebody/something causes in somebody/something else; a result. What are the long-term effects of this treatment?
effects of vapor, The results show a statistically significant effect. effect on somebody/something Her tears had no effect on him. For example, you can feel the effects of a cold or an earthquake, and the sun coming out can have a positive effect on your mood. Some synonyms of effect include words like result, repercussion, consequence, outcome, aftermath and the noun version of impact.
